Breathing and Respiration
Subjects / Core Science / OCR Gateway Science B
Price: £2.95 Duration: 23mins
Full topic price: £109.95
In this title, you'll learn how organisms can convert energy stored in sugar into ATP, which is the energy currency of living things. You'll hear about two alternative ways of liberating energy. One involves the presence of oxygen, and is called aerobic respiration. The other enables energy to be released without oxygen, and is called anaerobic respiration. Some micro-organisms that can respire anaerobically produce alcohol and carbon dioxide. Prolonged intense exercise in animals can result in a build-up of lactic acid in the muscles. This leads to a condition known as oxygen debt. This title also looks at the structure and functions of the respiratory system, including the structure of the lungs. We'll examine the mechanics of getting air into the lungs, so that oxygen in the air can get into our blood, and to the cells that need it.
| Author: | Dr Eliot Attridge | Publisher: | GCSEPod® |
| Narrator: | Pauline Addis | ISBN: | 978-1-84906-279-4 |
| Video ISBN: | 978-1-84906-779-9 |
Chapters
- Aerobic Respiration
- Anaerobic Respiration
- Oxygen Debt
- Functions of Respiratory Organs
- Ventilation
Exam Board Relevance
- Edxcel
- AQA
- CEA
- IGCSE (EdExcel)
- OCR
- SQA
- WJEC
- IGCSE (CiE)
Includes original GCSEPod image art. Additional pictorial images created by Damon Smith
Curriculum and Exam Board Information
Key Issues
Titles
Chapters
- Aerobic respiration
- Anaerobic respiration producing lactic acid and leading to oxygen debt
- Breathing rate, heart rate and exercise
- Cigarette smoke leading to emphysema and lung cancer
- compare anaerobic respiration with aerobic respiration in terms of energy released and the production of ethanol by yeast (word equations only required)
- describe how the parts of the respiratory system work together to bring about gaseous exchange, alveoli
- describe how the parts of the respiratory system work together to bring about gaseous exchange, blood
- describe how the parts of the respiratory system work together to bring about gaseous exchange, respiratory tree
- describe the changes in position of the ribs and diaphragm that cause inhalation and exhalation
- Difference between inhaled and exhaled air
- Diffusion of glucose, oxygen and carbon dioxide in respiring cells
- explain fatigue in terms of lactic acid build up; why lactic acid needs to be removed, and oxygen debt
- explain how the alveoli are adapted for efficient gaseous exchange
- explain that during exercise the body may respire anaerobically
- explain that during exercise, breathing and pulse rates increase to deliver oxygen and glucose to muscles more quickly
- explain that high levels of CO2 in the blood are toxic and must be removed from the body by the respiratory system
- explain that when increased CO2 levels in the blood are detected the brain then brings about an increase in breathing rate
- explain the way in which inhalation and exhalation are brought about by pressure changes
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - alveolus
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - bronchioles
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - bronchus
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - diaphragm
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - lungs
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - nasal cavity
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - ribs and intercostal muscles
- identification and function of the major organs of the respiratory system - trachea
- investigation of the composition of inhaled and exhaled air
- know the function of the respiratory system as one of gas exchange (oxygen for carbon dioxide in the lungs)
- mechanism of breathing (the role of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm)
- name and locate the main parts of the breathing system (trachea, diaphragm, ribcage, lungs)
- name and locate the main parts of the lungs (bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli)
- state that anaerobic respiration releases much less energy than aerobic
- state that carbon dioxide from respiration is removed from the body by the respiratory system
- state that exhaled air contains less oxygen than inhaled air
- state that exhaled air contains more carbon dioxide than inhaled air
- state that exhaled air contains more moisture than inhaled air
- state that exhaled air is warmer than inhaled air
- state that sugar reacts with oxygen in the cells to release energy and that the process is called respiration
- state the approximate percentages of gases in inhaled and exhaled air
- state the functions of the main parts of the breathing system: lungs for gaseous exchange
- state the functions of the main parts of the breathing system: the diaphragm, ribs and intercostal muscles move to inhale and exhale
- state the symbol equation for aerobic respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O (+ energy)
- state the word equation for aerobic respiration: glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
- state the word equation for anaerobic respiration: glucose -> lactic acid + energy
- Structure of the thorax - ventilation and gas exchange
- The role of cilia
- understand that respiration may be aerobic or anaerobic depending on the availability of oxygen
- understand that respiratory surfaces are adapted for their function in both plants and animals, including large surface area, thin, moist and permeable
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